Research Journal of Science and Technology

Abhijit Ray ¹, R. K. Pradhan ¹

Affiliations
1 SOS Life Sciences, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, IN

Abstract

Poultry is a quickest and easiest source of animal protein for human consumption. It has occupied a leading role among agricultural industries in many parts of the world. The main objectives of poultry farming earlier were to improve body weight and feed efficiency. Modern poultry farming has to take care of other parameters like low fat deposition, leg problems, metabolic diseases and protein content. Besides this, sustainable live stocks produced at minimal cost and in shortest possible time is also a main component of poultry industry. Light being a key factor, several light regiments have been recommended for enhancement of production efficiency in poultry farming. However most of the light regiment arecriticized for poultry welfare such as less broiler activity, leg problems, eye damageand metabolic problems.Modern broilers are selected for higher growth rate but problem like increased fat deposition in abdominal cavity is common. The present paper critically reviews the impact of light on poultry industry.

Keywords

Photoperiod, Light Regiment, Light Intensity, LD Cycle, Body Weight.

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Abhijit Ray ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Biotechnology, Raipur Institute of Technology, Raipur (CG), IN

Abstract

The Neem Tree is an incredible plant that has been declared the "Tree of the 21st century" by the United Nations. In India, it is variously known as "Divine Tree", "Life giving tree", "Nature"s Drugstore", "Village Pharmacy" and "Panacea for all diseases". It is one of the major components in Ayurvedic medicine, which has been practiced in India since many centuries. The neem is an ancient Indian cure-all due to its antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antihistamine and antiseptic properties. The neem leaves, flowers, seeds, ischolar_mains, bark and fruits are utilized to treat inflammation, infections, skin diseases and for dental care.

In India's ancient Ayurvedic Medical texts it is explained that every part of the Neem tree has health promoting benefits. What is clear from the above information is that the general population of India for, over 5000 years has used Neem safely and effectively. In fact the people of India call the Neem Tree "The Village Pharmacy". It is also called Holy Tree (Azadirachta indica.). In ancient times neem was the most celebrated medicinal plant of India and found mention in a number of Puranic texts like the Atharava Veda, Upanivahod, Amarkosha and Ghrysutra. They all dealt with the outstanding qualities of the neem tree as a source of medicine and as a natural pesticide.

Keywords

Neem, Azadirachtaindica, Skin Treatment, Ayurveda.

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Abhijit Ray ¹, R. K. Pradhan ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Biotechnology, Raipur Institute of Technology, Chhatauna, Mandir Hasaud, Raipur, IN
2 School of Studies in Life Science, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, IN

Abstract

Poultry industry is one of the fastest growing agro industries. Poultry being the quickest and easiest source of animal protein for human consumption has occupied a leading role among agricultural industries in many parts of the world. Since, not only it supplies cheap protein source, but it also provides job to millions. The main objectives of poultry farming earlier were to improve body weight and feed efficiency. Modern poultry farming has to take care of other parameters like low fat deposition, leg problems, metabolic diseases and protein content. Sustainable live stocks must also be produced at minimal cost and in shortest possible time. Broilers are selected for enhanced growth rate but problem like increased fat deposition in abdominal cavity is common. In India, several studies have been carried out for the impact of poultry farming in the economy of rural and urban area. This present review is a current scenario of poultry farming and its impact on Indian society.

Keywords

Poultry Farming, Boilers, Agroindustry, Meat Quality, Poultry Research.

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R. K. Pradhan ¹, Abhijit Ray ¹

Affiliations
1 SOS Life Science, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, IN

Abstract

Poultry meat quality is affected by numerous factors. However, light schedule for rearing poultry birds is considered the most important factor for productions and meat quality. In the present study L:D 04:04, L:D 16:08, L:D 12:12 and LL conditions was utilized for rearing the birds. Water was provided ad libitum. Care was taken to prevent light entering the cage from outside. From each group nine birds were decapitated and tissues were obtained on 1^st, 14^th, 28^th and 42^nd days. The Tissues were stored at -20°C and was later estimated for total muscle protein and amino acid. The mean concentration and SE of free amino acid (gm/100gm) on LD 04:04, LD 16:08, LD 12:12 and LL was found to be 0.13 ± 0.01, 0.17 ± 0.02, 0.14 ± 0.01 and 0.19 ± 0.02 respectively and that of protein was 15.22 ± 1.23, 25.98 ± 1.00, 21.42 ± 1.21 and 25.79 ± 1.45 respectively. A significantly higher concentration of free amino acid in LL schedule as compared to LD 12:12 and LD 04:04 have been observed in the present study (p<0.05). Result suggests that continuous light may be beneficial for quality poultry meat production as higher level of free amino acid has also been implicated for lowering protein breakdown (Tipton and Wolfe, 2004). However statistical analysis of the data fails to detect any difference in the level of muscle free amino acid among the birds exposed to LL and 16:08 LD schedules. Similarly difference in the protein content between these two groups of birds was also not significant. Hence the LD schedule 16:08 may be more suitable and economic for quality meet production in poultry industry especially since it requires less energy for production.

Keywords

Poultry, Meat Quality, Protein Content, Amino Acid Content, Light Schedule.

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Ezaz Ahmed ¹, Abhijit Ray ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Biotechnology, Raipur Institute of Technology, Raipur, IN

Abstract

Dezincing of galvanized steel scrap was investigated by preferential dissolution of the galvanized coatings in a variety of acidic environments comprising dilute and moderate concentrations of Hydrochloric, Sulfuric and Nitric Acids. The data thus generated was used to develop an Artificial Neural Network model to estimate the extent of dezincing as a function of thickness and concentration of acids. It was found that the model developed has very good accuracy level.

Keywords

Dezincing, Galvanized Steel, Artificial Neural Network.

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